Exosomes are extracellular vesicles produced by all cells with a remarkable ability to efficiently transfer genetic material, including exogenously loaded siRNA, to cancer cells. Here, we report on a bioreactor-based, large-scale production of …

Mechanotransduction plays a crucial role in vascular biology. One example of this is the local regulation of vascular resistance via flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Impairment of this process is a hallmark of endothelial dysfunction and a precursor to a …

Rationale: Restoration of coronary artery blood flow is the most effective means of ameliorating myocardial damage triggered by ischemic heart disease. However, coronary reperfusion elicits an increment of additional injury to the myocardium. Accumulating …

Rationale: To date, our understanding of the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in inflammatory diseases has mostly been limited to its catalytic function and the potential for its heme-related catabolic products to suppress inflammation and oxidative …

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has raised attention as a novel anticancer therapeutic as it induces apoptosis preferentially in tumor cells. However, first-generation TRAIL-receptor agonists (TRAs), comprising recombinant …

Quantitative ultrasound techniques based on the backscatter coefficient (BSC) have been commonly used to characterize red blood cell (RBC) aggregation. Specifically, a scattering model is fitted to measured BSC and estimated parameters can provide a …

Solid stress, distinct from both tissue stiffness and fluid pressure, is a mechanical stress that is often elevated in both murine and human tumors. The importance of solid stress in tumor biology has been recognized in initial studies: solid stress …

Background: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a promising therapy for many neurologic and psychiatric conditions. However, determining stimulus parameters for individual patients is a major challenge. The traditional method of titrating stimulus intensity …

Angiogenesis, new blood vessel formation from preexisting vessels, is critical for solid tumor growth. As such, there have been efforts to inhibit angiogenesis as a means to obstruct tumor growth. However, antiangiogenic therapy faces major challenges to …

Super-resolution imaging methods promote tissue characterization beyond the spatial resolution limits of the devices and bridge the gap between histopathological analysis and non-invasive imaging. Here, we introduce motion model ultrasound localization …